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关于学好数学高一英语作文《一》

英语作文范文

There have been many changes in my life. With the development of the economy, my life is better off. For clothing, I have spare money to buy sorts of pretty clothes. But in the past, there were fewer clothes in my wardrobe. For food, I usually had traditional Chinese food for every meal, rice, noodles or a steamed bun with one or two light dishes such as preserved pickles. Nowadays, I can afford any delicious food, including western foods. For housing, I have moved from a cramped and gloomy room to a big and bright flat. For getting around, I rode an old bike on my way to work a year ago. At present, I drive my private car to travel. I believe my life will be better and better in the future.

2. My Hobbies

Hobbies are activities from which one can benefit a lot. In my spare time, I like painting, singing, raising flowers and cycling. My hobbies help me relax after periods of hard work. Moreover, I can make many friends who share the same hobbies with me. My hobbies challenging, interesting, enjoyable or educational. So everyone should have one or two hobbies, then the life is meaningful and amusing.

3. My Favorite Sport

My favorite sport is swimming. There are three reasons why I like the sport best.

First, it is good for keeping fit. It benefits the heart, the lungs(肺)and the limbs(四肢). Thanks to the sport, I lost my weight and am graceful in form.

Second, it is easy to find a place to swim. In the country, I can swim in lakes and rivers. In the city, there are many swimming pools spotted among the residential areas.

Third, it can be done in any weather. It is very cool swimming in hot summer. In cold weather, swimming is especially refreshing.

Swimming is a very popular sport. I hope you can enjoy it too.

4. Health and Eating Habit

An eating habit is closely related to health. In order to keep fit, we should pay more attention to our eating habits. My suggestions for a good eating habit are as follows:

First, don't eat too much or too little for each meal. Eating too much will cause overweight and eating too little, malnutrition(营养不良).

Second, don't eat between meals. Sometimes we like eating biscuits and chips before the mealtime; as a result, we lose our appetite(胃口)for lunch or dinner.

Third, eat more vegetables and fruits everyday.

In my opinion, a good eating habit leads to a healthy life.

5. How to keep Healthy

Nowadays, more and more people know the importance of keeping healthy. Without good health, we can do nothing. For me, there are mainly three ways to keep healthy.

First, it is necessary to keep a balanced diet, which is the basis of good health. we should have plenty of fruits and vegetables everyday. Secondly, it is important to do regular

exercises, such as swimming, jogging and so on. Last but not least, it is essential to keep in good spirits. Relaxation and entertainment are ways to renew our spirits and release our stress.

When we make healthy habits a part of our everyday life, we are bound to keep healthy.

Our TV University is mainly engaged in long distance education. The form of study is very convenient for adult learners like me. I can learn my courses anywhere in my spare time by computer. There are many web-based courses and sources on line. Moreover, I not only use email to send our homework to our tutors but also join online discussion forums. Meantime, the difficulties and puzzles can be solved in the tutorial once a week. The e-learning life is meaningful and demanding. I enjoy my TV university life.

7. Living In a Big City

In the eyes of many people, city life is attractive with all its advantages and conveniences. People can buy almost all kinds of things at supermarkets or shopping malls, dine out in good restaurants; and more important, they can have more educational opportunities. However, with the expansion of the city, more and more people are flowing into the big city, the traffic is heavier and heavier, the pollution is more and more serious, and the living condition is worse and worse.

Most people love the advantages of city life, but a big city also has its disadvantages.

8. My Ideal Job

Everybody has his dream for his career in the future. He or she might want to be a teacher, a doctor, a scientist, and so on. My ideal job is to be a lawyer. Lawyers, especially those familiar with global laws and fluent in foreign languages, will be in great demand. I have a good eye for detail, a sharp mind, an excellent memory and like taking responsibility as well. So I think I would make a good lawyer. I am planning to open a law firm by myself some day. But now I must study hard to get myself qualified for my future job.

9. High School Life and College Life

High school life is quite different from college life. In high school, the students have to wear school uniform. Teachers always ask students to do many tasks in the classroom and supervise students' behavior in detail. In college, students have to be responsible for themselves. They have more freedom in college than in high school. For example, they put on the casual clothes instead of uniform. Tutors give them lectures and assignments, and they must spend more time studying by themselves in the library. That means

students must manage themselves very well. Although I often recall my high school life, I like college life more.

10. My English Studies

I have been learning English for more than twenty years. Recalling my English studies, I would like to share some good ways and some frustrations with you.

First, I am independent in English studies. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, I try to find the patterns and rules on my own.

Second, I am an active English learner. I never wait for a chance using English. I look for such a chance, and create an language environment by myself. I am willing to make mistakes and not afraid of losing face. 牢记) that "frustration gets you nowhere".(焦虑于事无补)

11. Help For Elderly People ( 中国步入老龄社会)As the aging of the population quickens, the number of elderly people is becoming very large. Therefore, it is necessary to find good ways to deal with the problem.

daughters who should take the responsibility of caring for their elderly parents. The youth should not only look after their elderly parents in material terms but also understand their loneliness and do their best to spend more time with them. in China, it is a common picture that a young couple has to support four elderly parents. This trend will reach its peak in coming years. The government is responsible for guaranteeing the basic living standards of the elderly and safeguard(保护)their legitimate(合法的)rights and interests and establish a multi-level old-age insurance system(建立多层次的老龄保险制度).

12. Talking About Myself: My name is Holly. I'm thirty-seven years old. I'm from Beijing. I'm a math teacher in a primary school. My school is far away from my home, so I usually drive to work. There are three people in my family. They are my wife, my daughter and I. My wife is a doctor in a big hospital and my daughter is a ten-year-old pupil. In my spare time, I like reading books, watching TV, playing table tennis and so on. I used to go fishing in the weekends, but I don't now because I have to attend class in the TV University.

13. My Family: There are five persons in my family: my parents, my wife, my daughter and I. My father used to be a senior engineer. His responsibility was designing new machines. My mother would work in a factory. They are retired now. My father is very serious about everything in life and pays attention to the details. My mother is patient and hardworking. I take after my parents. They have influence upon me to make me a good teacher. My wife is a nurse and she is very busy everyday. My daughter is a pupil. She is pretty and lovely and looks like her mother.

14. My Family Life

Like most ordinary Chinese families, my family life is busy and meaningful. My family members often get up at about six o'clock in the mornings. My wife deals with my little kid's chores while I'm cooking the breakfast. I drive my daughter to her school and then to my work. My wife takes the subway to her hospital. Around 4:30 p.m., I pick up my

daughter and do some grocery shopping. My wife is good at cooking. So when we arrive home, a delicious meal is waiting for us. During the eating, we chat about interesting things from our daily life and discuss current affairs. We go to bed at 10 p.m.

15. My Home

I am living on the 10th floor of a tower building with my wife and daughter. It is a newly-built block of flats with 22 stories altogether in the north of the city. We have three bedrooms, one big living-room, one kitchen and two bathrooms. The size is about 127 square meters. When we moved in three years ago, I painted the doors myself, but I had the window

frames painted. We are satisfied with the decorations except the cupboards in the kitchen, so I need to build them again. The neighborhood is nice too. I think my home is cozy and I like my home.

关于学好数学高一英语作文《二》

高一英语数学入学试卷

2013-2014学年度高一年级插班生试卷A

英语部分(50分)

一、 单项选择 1. —It shouldn‟t long to clear up after the party if we all volunteer to help.

—That‟s right.Many hands make light work.

A.take B.spend C.cost D.pay

2. The message is very important, so it is ______to be sent as soon as possible.

A. suppose B. supposing C. supposed D. to suppose

3.They will stay inside unless it .

A. stops to rain B. will stop raining C. will stop to rain D. stops raining

4. The weather was A. really B. such C. too D. so

5. This computer is not very good; I‟d like the same one you are using now.

A. which B. with which C. as D. in that

6. Jack wasn‟t saying anything,but the teacher smiled at him ________ he had done something very clever.

A. as if B. in case C. while D. though

7. It is said that her dream of becoming a famous singer _______ at last.

A. turned true B. realized C. lived out D. came true

8. The use of the Internet ________ people‟s lives much more than it did in the past.

A. affects B. destroys C. focuses D. offers

9. He sat in the classroom with his eyes ________ on the blackboard.

A. focused B. focusing C. were focused D. were focusing

10. Science and technology have in some important ways ________ the improvement of agricultural

production.

A. contributed to B. resulted from C. carried off D. handed over

二、完形填空

Making friends is a skill. Like most skills, it with practice. If you want to meet people and make friends, you must be willing to some actions. You must first go where there are people. You won‟t make friends staying home .Join a club or group, talk with those who like the same things you do is much easier. Or join someone some activity.

Many people are nervous when talking to new people. the unknown. And it‟s human nature to a bit uncomfortable(不舒服)about the unknown. about dealing with new people come from doubts(怀疑)about . We imagine other people are judging us, finding us too tall too short, too this or too that, but don‟t forget that they must be feeling the same way. Try to accept yourself 不拘束).You‟ll

both feel more comfortable. Try to self-confident(自信)even if you don‟t feel that way when you a room full of strangers, such as a new classroom, walk tall and straight, look directly other people and smile. If you see someone, you‟d like to person to start a conversation(谈话).

Just meeting someone new does not mean that you will friends with that person. Friendship is

based on mutual(相互的)liking and “give and take”. It and effort to develop. And there are

things that keep a new friendship from . 11. A. produces B. improves C. grows D. raises 12. A. take B. make C. do D. carry 13. A. lonely B. yourself C. alone D. with yourself 14. A. as B. that C. which D. more 15. A. with B. in C. on D. to 16. A. For B. Above C. In D. After 17. A. touching B. facing C. meeting D. seeing 18. A. see B. touch C. feel D. do 19. A. Many B. Some C. Some of D. Most of 20. A. yourself B. oneself C. yourselves D. ourselves 21. A. and

B. but C. or D. as 22. A. like B. as C. what D. that 23. A. make B. act as C. like D. express 24. A. come to B. go to C. enter D. step to 25. A. for B. to C. at D. about 26. A. speak to B. talk to C. say to D. call up 27. A. other B. the other C. another D. others 28. A. make B. do C. turn D. put 29. A. costs B. takes C. spends D. uses 30. A. growing B. living C. increasing D. happening

三、阅读理解

Surfing the Internet for fun will make you a better employee, according to an Australian study.

The University of Melbourne study shows that people who use the Internet for their own reasons at work are about 9 percent more productive than those who do not. Study author Brent Coker said, “Surfing the Internet at times helps increase an employee‟s attention.” “People need to relax for a bit to get back their attention,” Coker said on the university‟s website. “Having a short break, such as a quick surfing of the Internet, helps the mind to rest itself, leading to a higher total Internet attention for a day‟s work, and as a result, increases productivity(生产效率),” he said.

According to the study of 300 workers,70 percent of people who use the Internet at work surf the Internet for their own reasons during office hours. Among the most popular surfing activities are searching for information about products, reading online news, playing online games and watching videos. “Firms spend a

shopping online,” said Coker. “That‟s not always a good idea.”

However, Coker said the study looked at people who surfed the Internet in moderation(适度),or were on the Internet for less than 20 percent of their total time in the office. “Those who spend too much time surfing the Internet will have a lower productivity than those without,” he said. 31. What does the University of Melbourne study mainly show? A. People who surf the Internet are good employees.

B. Not everyone surfs the Internet for fun during office hours.

C. Surfing the Internet for fun during office hours increases productivity. D. The Internet is becoming more and more important in people‟s life.

32. According to Paragraph 3, Brent Coker would most probably agree that _______. A. the longer a person‟s mind rests the better attention he will have B. surfing the Internet is the best way to increase productivity C. workers should have a long break during office hours D. workers should let their minds rest now and then

33. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as one of the most popular surfing activities? A. Watching videos. B. Reading online news. C. Reading online novels. D. Playing online games.

34. The underlined word “block” in Paragraph 4 means “________”. A. prevent B. cycle C. burst D. breathe 35. What can we infer from the last paragraph?{关于学好数学高一英语作文}.

A. Spending too much time surfing the Internet reduces productivity. B. Those who never surf the Internet have the lowest productivity.

C. Most people don‟t surf the Internet in moderation during office hours. D. People should spend as little time as possible surfing the Internet.

四、任务型读写{关于学好数学高一英语作文}.

阅读下面短文,根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。

注意:每个空格只填一个单词。

As a saying goes, “If you have a good friend, your joys are doubled and your sorrows are halved.” Friends are a helping hand, a comforting shoulder to lean on, a patient ear to listen to you and most importantly, a warm and loving hug to embrace(拥抱)you. Man is a social animal by nature. We all need friends, as they are there for us when we need support, just as we are there for them whenever they need us. Therefore, it is necessary for you to know how to make friends.

The first step is to open yourself up. If you want to make good friends, you should be able to share your thoughts and feelings with other people first. Only when you share something of yourself with others can you begin making friends. When your friends open a conversation with you, they are usually expecting you to share information in return. That is to say, when you are in a conversation, you‟d better express your own

thoughts and feelings. If a conversation is one-sided, the person doing all the talking may think the other person is not interested in what he is saying. So, when talking with your friends, be sure that the conversation is a two-way street.

One of the most important keys to building a solid friendship with other people is to listen to them—really listen. When your friends tell you something that happened to them or complain(埋怨)about a situation, they are usually not looking for agreement but just want to be heard. So don‟t try to change their minds or solve their problems, just let them know that you are listening to them.

Respecting your friends is also important to keep your relationships healthy and strong. Looking at your friends while they are talking to you is one way to show your respect, as they will feel that what they are saying is important to you.

Unconditional support and encouragement is one of the things which friends have. True friendship means offering a shoulder when they need it, crying with them when they are sad, and laughing with them when they

数学部分(50分)

一、填空题(本大题每小题2.5分共25分)

1、设集合M{xx26x50},N{xx25x0},则MN等于2、函数yax2(a0且a1)图象一定过点3、 若定义运算ab

b

ab,则函数a

ab

fxlog2xlog1x的值域是2

4、函数f(x)2log5(x3)在区间[-2,2]上的值域是5、函数ylog1(x24x5)的递减区间为2

6、把函数y1

x

的图象向左平移1个单位,再向上平移2个单位后,所得函数的解析式

应为

7. 若A(1 ,1) B(1 ,3) C(x ,5)共线,且  BC,则等于_______

8. 为得到函数ycos

xπ3的图象,只需将函数ysinx的图象

9.

已知cos

π7π6

sinsin6的值是

10. 关于函数f(x)4sin(2x

3)(xR)有下列命题:

①由f(x1)f(x2)0 可得x1x2必是的整数倍 ②由yf(x)的表达式可改写为y4cos(2x

6

)

③yf(x)的图象关于点(

6

,0)对称

④yf(x)的图象关于直线x

6对称

其中正确命题的序号是____________________ 二、解答题(本大题分两小题共25分) 11.(本小题满分12分)

已知定义在R上的函数yfx是偶函数,且x0时,fxlnx22x2

,(1)当x0时,求fx解析式;(2)写出fx的单调递增区间。

12.(本小题满分13分)

已知函数f(x)2sin2(

4x)2x x4 ,2

⑵ f(x)的最大值和最小值。

⑵若不等式f(x)m2在x4,

2

上恒成立,求实数m的取值范围。

参考答案

一.选择题

1-5ACDDC 6-10 A DA A A 二.完形填空

11-25BACAB 16-20DBCDD 21-25CBBCC 26-30ABABA

三.阅读理解 31-35CDCAA 四、任务型读写 1. result 2. surveyed 3. while 4. enough 5. it 6. because 7. complain 8. themselves 9. how 10. importance{关于学好数学高一英语作文}.

1、{0,1,5} 2、(0,3) 3、 1, 4、[2,3] 5、(5,) 6、 y2x1

x1

7、2 8、向左平移5π6个长度单位 9、4

5

10、②③ 11、(1)x0时,fxlnx2

2x2

; (2)(1,0)和1, 12、 解 ⑴f(x)

122x)3cos2x1sin2xx12sin(2x3) 又 ∵x4 , 2 ∴2x326, 3 ∴212sin(2x

3

)3 ∴f(x)max3 f(x)min2 ⑵ ∵f(x)m2 在x4,2上恒成立 ∴f(x)2mf(x)2 ∴mf(x)max2 且 mf(x)min2 即 m1 且 m4 ∴1m4

2013-2014学年度高一年级插班生考试卷B

英语部分(50分)

一、单项选择

1. A man escaped from the prison last night. It was a long time ______ the guard discovered what had happened.

A. before B. since C. until D. as

2. The house still needed a lot of work, but _______ the kitchen was finished.

A. instead B. altogether C. at once D. at least

3.The final score of the basketball match was 93:94 .We were only ______ beaten.

A. nearly B. slightly C.narrowly D. lightly

4. We should discuss the plan ______ before we work it out.

A. in general B. in detail C. on time D. on purpose 5. Sadly the reading room where Karl Marx did a lot of reading had moved from its ________ place into

another building. A. regular B. temporary C. traditional D. original

6. ________ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.

A. Besides B. With C. As for D. Because of

{关于学好数学高一英语作文}.

7.The rescue team spared no_______ in search of

the missing climbers from the famous university, but ended in vain.

A. pains B. force C. hurt D. labour

8. Here are my neighbors _____ homes were destroyed by the earthquake.

A. who B. which C. whom D. whose 9. The painting we had thought to be of great ______ turned out to be _______.

A. value; valuable B. value; valueless C. valuable; value D. valuable; valueless

{关于学好数学高一英语作文}.

10. Don‟t forget to _______ the equipment before setting about the experiment. A. try on B. try in C. try out D. try for

11. Jack is late again. It is ______ of him to keep others waiting for him.

A. normal B. ordinary C. common D. typical

12. He will have learned English for 8 years by the time he ______ from university next year.

A. will graduate B. will have graduated C. graduates D. is to graduate

13. The USA is a large country

_______ many different dialects are spoken. A. in which B. with which C. of which D. for which

14.—Our maths teacher wanted you to do your homework again.

—I can just imagine him _______ that.

A. say B. saying C. to say D. said

{关于学好数学高一英语作文}.

15. Sonya said she couldn‟t get here through all the snow. _______ ,her car had broken down.

A. Still B. Besides C. However D. Therefore

二、完形填空(共20小题,每小题1.5分,满分30分)

for the education?

When he was fifteen, he worked servant in a school, looking at other children studying in the hard at the lessons that he sometimes had just three or four hours‟ to learn.

刻苦of some university professors. They appreciated (欣赏they employed him as a librarian and him free guidance. Robison was filled with joy. Fro he felt that 1. A. burned B. gave C. sent D. sold 2. A. any B. less C. no D. small 3. A. Because B. As C. For D. Being 4 A. like B. as C. for D. at

5 A. sorry B. angry C. disappointed D. interesting 6. A. wished B. wanted C. decided D. considered 7. A. would B. should C. could D. might 8. A. do B. catch C. listen to D. hear 9. A. when B. all C. that D. which 10 A. such B. too C. so D. very

11 A. study B. sleep C. work D. times 12. A. better B. harder C. less D. more 13. A. punished B. discovered C. liked D. laughed at 14. A. allowed B. let C. pushed D. tired 15. A. his B. a C. one D. the 16. A. highest B. most C. tallest D. largest 17. A. for B. at C. with D. in 18. A. To give B. Giving C. Give D. For giving 19. A. taught B. offered C. sent D. supplied 20. A. death B. success C. school D. happiness

三.阅读理解

I moved into a new house in July. Since then I have met a few of my neighbors who are very nice people. For Christmas, I thought I would do something nice for each of the neighbors I knew. There were nine neighbors whom I knew by name or spoke with often when I was out in my yard. I knew which houses they lived in.

I decided to add one more to my list. This lady I decided to add lived down the street from me. I met her every morning walking to work as I drove down the street. She always smiled to me. But I had no idea who she was and which house she lived in.

I planned to make some fruit baskets and leave them on my neighbors‟ front porches(门廊)on Christmas Eve. I signed the cards:“Happy Holidays from 5104 Northumberland Road.” I saved the last for the friendly lady. I finally decided on a house where I met her each morning and guessed that it was hers.

My neighbors really appreciated the baskets and would tell me as they saw me in the yard or they would call, and a couple even came by to thank me.

This morning I found a small note in the mailbox. It was addressed simply:Resident,5104 Northumberland Road.

The Thank You card really caught me by surprise. I opened it and read the message, “Thank you for the lovely fruit basket you left on our porch. It was very thoughtful. Richard Kelly passed away last week. He talked a lot about how nice it was that someone remembered him in his time of illness. He really appreciated it.”

I had no idea who Richard Kelly was and that he had been seriously ill. I had left that nice lady‟s basket on his porch by mistake. I wanted to say sorry, but that would be wrong. I believed that Mr. Kelly was meant to have that basket because he was dying. I hated that the nice lady did not receive the fruit basket on Christmas, but I believed if she knew what had happened, she would be happy. I felt pleased to have helped Richard Kelly‟s last days be more cheerful.

1. How many Christmas gifts did the author intend to send?

关于学好数学高一英语作文《三》

数学之英文写作

数学之英文写作

前言

数学不光是人类知识宝库的重要组成部分,也在所有科学技术领域中有无穷无尽的应用。作为数学思想传递及学术交流之载体,数学写作与演讲和一个数学人的学术生涯相伴一生,因此提升数学学习和研究的这方面能力至关重要。 近年来,我国政府对科技工作的重视和资助与日俱增,科技工作者做研究、写论文的热情和投入也日益增长。英国《卫报》2011 年3月28 日报道,英国皇家学会(The Royal Society) 最近的分析表明,中国有望在2013 年超过美国成为科研成果发表的霸主。皇家学会指出,中国目前英语科研论文的数量已超越英国位列全球第二,仅次于美国。这一段报道显示,中国的英文科技论文数量在过去的十年里突飞猛进,已经步入世界领先的行列。

在过去的二十年里,全世界数学领域的英文文章数量急剧增加。很多刊物的论文发表数量已经增加了两倍、五倍,甚至十倍以上;数学刊物亦不例外。二十年前SCI 的数学刊物不到五十种,现在至少已经翻了两番,并仍在持续增长。由于种种原因(包括国内很多高校以发表一定数目的SCI 文章作为研究生的毕业要求),中国的作者群为这些英文期刊提供了成千上万的稿源。某位数学期刊的主编告诉我们,他们刊物一年有一两千个投稿,其中一大半来自中国大陆的作者。然而,一个不争的事实是,虽然很多文章的学术质量还可以,但是由于英语水平不足,经常遭到退稿。

一个人用非母语写作而效果不彰,是无可厚非的。大部分中国学生缺乏在日常生活中交流英语的环境,缺乏大量阅读英文著作的机会,缺乏以科技英语写作论文的训练,在尝试用英文进行专业写作方面困难重重。但很多成功的例子告诉我们,只要通过系统的训练,用心去摸索规律,并吸取教训,反复提高,研究者完全可以克服先天不足,写出语言表达上乘的学术论文(当然,高质量的科研文章最主要还是取决于研究成果,我们这里只能关注文章的语言质量)。况且数学的英语写作相对简单,一般通过半年至一年的训练,已能展现显著的成效。 本书以《数学之英文写作》为名。顾名思义,目的就是为了帮助青年学生和年轻的数学工作者学会怎样写好数学文章。由于讲数学与写数学息息相关,书中

专列一章谈怎样做一个好的数学报告。这本书的主要读者对象是刚刚接触数学英文写作的大学生、研究生和科研人员。当然,书中的内容对经常从事数学写作的大学教师和研究人员也会有启发作用,尤其是那些关于写英文研究性论文和专业书籍的章节。

本书中的内容主要是关于科技论文、尤其是数学论文写作的基本常识和注意事项。写作中参考了欧美一些国家的作者关于英文数学写作的畅销书籍,有相当一些内容是我们两位合作者本人的观点、认识及经验之谈,所以并不一定是百分之百的有道理,仅供初学者们参考。我们希望本书能起到敲门砖的作用,协助那些初学科技英文写的作者尽快掌握所需,进而熟能生巧,对此我们是信心十足的。 语言是思想的载体。由于写作或演讲应遵循的基本原则与所使用的具体语言并无直接关系,这本书的许多章节不光适用于英文数学写作或演讲,也同样适用于采用其它语言的学术性写作或演讲,自然包括我们的母语—— 中文。

本书虽然主要面向数学工作者,但对于需要使用英文交流的其他理论科学研究者,比如计算理论、理论物理,工程计算方面的研究者,比如计算力学、计算科学,以及范围广泛的工程、技术领域的工程师或科学管理人员,也都会有一定的参考价值。{关于学好数学高一英语作文}.

本书面向的读者主要是大学生、研究生或初学科技英文的写作者。对于大学生来说,几年的学习期间可以给你提供较长时间进行写作摸索训练,你的文章还可以经过导师作反复的修改,这些都是宝贵的机会,千万不要怕烦,怕花时间;专人指导是提高英文写作最佳的一种形式。作者之一在英国读博士期间,研究流体力学计算方法,写出的第一篇论文投到流体力学较好的一个期刊《流体力学杂志》(Journal of Fluid Mechanics,缩写为JFM);这个期刊当时的主编叫George Batchelor,是剑桥大学的一位教授。他不但对文章的结果感兴趣,对英文的写作(包括文章结构、引言、结果的说明)也非常重视。作者在写作期间不断请教其指导教授。导师口述指导,但不操笔修改,显然是在给他的外国学生提供一个训练英文写作的实战机会(另一方面,这篇文章是博士论文的主要方面,自己主写也是理所当然的事)。这篇最后在JFM 发表的文章总共修改了八次,历时一年,但副产品是大大提高了作者的英文写作能力。这一例子说明了一定要珍惜被人指导的机会,这样必然事半功倍。

自然科学的发展往往是在推翻或修正旧的理论基础上建立新理论的大厦。如哥白尼的地动说推翻了统治人们思想一千五百年的托勒密的地心说;伽利略的比萨塔落体实验否定了亚里士多德的错误想象;爱因斯坦的相对论则是对牛顿运动定律的修正。然而,作为自然科学的共同语言,数学的独特之处在于它不需要被订正,新的数学理论只是为旧的建筑添砖加瓦,而无需连根拔起。在数学里,已证明为真的命题永远为真。正如美国卓越的犹太人科普作家阿西莫夫所说的:“托勒密也许对天体系统给出了错误的描绘,但他为了计算而发展出的三角系统永远保持正确”(见本书第五章第三节)。数学这个与众不同的特点也反映在它的语言表达上:数学词汇的意义经久不衰,不为时代所动;数学概念的定义严密准确,无懈可击;数学定理的证明服从逻辑规律,以三段论推理为其宗旨;数学写作的方式技巧,有章可循。不难想象,数学概念的精确性和无歧义性,加上数学思维的周密性和美妙性,给数学的写作提出了更高的要求,尽管最简单的数学写作通常是不难掌握的。这些要求就是:如何能让我们的写作体现数学之美?如何能让我们的文章结构、遣词造句、思想流动、动机结论让人读之犹如行云流水?如何能让表述之美和推导之美并驾齐驱、相辅相成?基于这些想法,有一本实用的写作参考书对于初学者来说,是会有一些帮助的。这也是我们写作此书的一个初衷。

纵观本书的内容可以发现,除了在最后一章我们集中讨论怎样讲数学,其它的七章里覆盖了英文数学写作以及有关其它写作的方方面面,包括研究或综述性论文、教科书或学术专著、申请信或推荐信、审稿报告或书评等等。但是我们没有特别提及怎样写研究建议书这一重要的论题。这是因为本书主要面向学生和英文学术写作的起步者,而撰写英文研究建议书主要是英语国家或地区的研究型大学教授所要做的事。他们理应拥有娴熟的学术英文写作能力,基本上没有阅读写作入门书籍的必要。不过,我们书中讲述的许多原则和技巧,对研究建议书的写作亦应该有所裨益。

为了方便读者阅读理解,书中对几乎所有的英文词汇、短语、例句、段落及引文都提供了中文翻译。任何翻译都没有绝对的标准,所以附在原文后的译文仅作参考。读者可以自行翻译某些英文段落以自我训练,并与书中所列相比,相互借鉴,这也不失为提高写作能力的一个方法。我们欢迎对作者误译之处的批评指

正。

在本书的写作过程中,作者得到香港城市大学电子工程系陈关荣教授的支持,特别他为书中的一节(第三章第五节)提供了素材。

美国依阿华大学数学系韩渭敏教授认真仔细地阅读了书的初稿,提出了一些好的改进建议。作者感谢香港浸会大学、香港研究资助局的资助。作者之一丁玖对香港浸会大学理学院及数学系对他在参与本书写作时所给予的热情接待深表谢意。我们特别感谢香港浸会大学中国语言文学系的研究生刘健生先生,他仔细地阅读了本书的初稿,并提出了许多宝贵的修改建议。

本书作者虽然在英美大学获得博士学位,在多年的境外教学和研究生涯中也积累了一些英文数学写作和演讲的经验, 但远远不是这方面的专家。本书仅希望对初学英文写作的朋友们提供一些帮助;书中的错误或不当之处敬请读者不吝指教(电子信箱ttang@math.hkbu.edu.hk 或Jiu.Ding@usm.edu)。此外,如果大家对提升这本书的质量和功能有任何建议,也欢迎告知作者,以便我们进一步学习和改进。

最后,我们想告诉读者朋友:在多阅读、多练习的基础上,掌握技巧,熟练使用一些典型句型和结构,是写出好的科技论文的第一步。

汤涛,丁玖

2013年1月

媒体评论

本书作者在数学研究及写作上均颇有建树。在书中处处可见他们对英文数学写作与演讲的真知灼见。我毫不犹豫地认为该书应当成为每一位数学研究生和青年教师常常翻阅的掌上读物。

——王元,中国科学院院士

此书内容殷实,不仅切合实用,而且注重说理,必能开卷有益:研究生及青年科学工作者在撰写论著时将少走不少弯路,而相对成熟的科学工作者也将找到知音,引起共鸣。

——李大潜,中国科学院院士

这是一本很有用的书!对华人数学界,特别是年轻的数学工作者们,这是一本难得的参考书。它不仅系统讨论了怎样写数学文章和书籍,而且对怎样在数学界生存和发展也有精辟论述。书中的例子选得很好,很有代表性。

——鄂维南,中国科学院院士

这是为中国数学研究者所撰写的一本及时之作,对希望提高英文交流能力的年轻学者和学生尤为如此。本书特色之一是作者均为在英文表达上具有广泛经验的数学家。我将推荐我所有的华人学生阅读此书。

——舒其望, 美国布朗大学Theodore B. Stowell应用数学讲座教授

书摘

数学文章的结构 第一章

本书主要讲的是怎样用英文写数学文章。以英文写作数学文章,与以中文写作其它文章一样,都有对语法、句法、修辞等语言及文字写作的基本要求。但是正因为数学文章是一类特殊的学术性文章,它们的写作自然有一些特别的要求。

数学文章包括研究论文(research paper)、综述报告(survey article 或review paper)、审稿报告(referee report)、研究建议书(re-search proposal)、书评(book review)、文评(paper review)、阅读心得(reading notes) 等等。无论写哪一类文章,要写好它,作者动笔前要对写作内容了然于胸,动笔时则需言之有物,动笔后亦不忘仔细推敲。

在进入正题之前,我们先简单地谈一谈写文章前的一些准备工作以及写作过程中应该遵循的几项基本原则。

第一,科技论文的写作目的是交流学术思想和科学发现。除了日记这类写给自己看的文类之外,一般文章的写作目的均是让别人清楚地知道你想叙述和表达的东西。动笔前,你一定要明确知道为什么要写这篇文章,文章为谁而写,要表述什么,读者群是哪些人,要告诉读者何种信息,在作者的脑海里一定要有清楚的概念。无病呻吟、无的放矢,是写不出好文章的。

第二,要收集一些与写作有关的材料,特别要有几篇关键的文献。这几篇

关于学好数学高一英语作文《四》

英语作文

假设你是Tom, 请你根据表格介绍你自己和另外一个你的家人

关于学好数学高一英语作文《五》

数学、英语、物理、化学准高一建议

给准高一同学学习数学的几点建议

高一的第一学期是高中学习的关键时期,因为如果把高中数学学习比做一场新的赛跑的话,每个人都又站在了新的起跑线,新起点,谁先适应,谁起跑领先谁就可能赢得好成绩。

怎样才能赢在起跑线上?笔者建议如下:了解差异、做好衔接、积极转型。 了解差异

知己知彼才能百战不殆,了解高中数学学习的特点非常重要,那么初、高中数学学习有哪些差异?

1、高中数学与初中数学相比,“信息量”急增。初中课堂教学容量小、知识简单,通过教师课堂较慢的速度授课,可以争取让所有同学理解知识点和解题方法。高中数学内容多、进度快,为了完成教学任务,教师没办法争取所有学生都能够完全理解,也就是说高中的讲课进度快。

2、高中数学与初中数学相比,“难度”提高。初中数学知识少、浅、难度容易、知识面窄。高中数学知识点多、题目较难、知识面广、思维层次有所提升。初中的数学主要是以形象、通俗的语言方式进行表达。而高中数学除了文字语言表述外、还有符号语言、图形语言等。以至集合、映射、函数等概念难以理解,觉得很抽象。

3、高中数学与初中数学相比,“思维方法”不同。初中重视机械的模仿,如:公式的套用,解分式方程分几步,因式分解先看什么,再看什么,建立了各种解题统一的思维模式。初中生在数学学习中习惯了这种机械的,便于操作的定势方式,只要题型的熟练程度、题量到了就一定会有很好的成绩,中考题型至少90%以上都是做过的题型。而高中数学在思维形式上产生了很大的变化,数学语言的抽象化对思维能力提出了更高的要求。高考中的难题特别是压轴题是没见过的题型。

做好衔接

由于义务教育的需要,初中数学教材进行了大量削减;而高中教学不属于义务教育的范畴,

为了减少目前高一学生完成从初中义务数学教育到高中数学过度中的困难,应该做好初高中的衔接。

1、 思想的衔接

中考后有的思想开始松懈,尤其是在初三临考时才发奋了一、二个月就轻而易举地考上了高中同学,会形成错误的认知“只要临考时再发奋一、二个月,也一样会考上一所理想的大学的”。因高中数学的难度远非初中数学能比,高考又是选拔性考试,对知识和能力的要求都很高,想等到高三临考时再发奋一、二个月想在高考中取得优异的成绩是不可能的。不积跬步,无以至千里, 锲而不舍,金石可镂。为此从现在起就要从思想上重视,从高一起就要养成勤奋、刻苦的学习态度,严谨、认真的学习习惯和方法,锲而不舍的精神。

2、 知识的衔接

初中教材中很多内容是选学内容或消减内容,同学可以通过自学自己补充。 如立方和与差的公式、因式分解。二次根式中对分子、分母有理化。

初中教材对二次函数要求较低,学生处于了解水平,但二次函数却是高中贯穿始终的重要内容。配方、作简图、求值域、解二次不等式、判断单调区间、求最大、最小值,研究闭区间上函数最值等等是高中数学必须掌握的基本题型与常用方法。 二次函数、二次不等式与二次方程的联系,根与系数的关系(韦达定理)在初中不作要求,

而在高中二次函数、二次不等式与二次方程相互转化被视为重要内容,高中教材却未安排专门的讲授。

图像的对称、平移变换,初中只作简单介绍,而在高中讲授函数后,对其图像的上、

下;左、右平移,两个函数关于原点,轴、直线的对称问题必须掌握。

含有参数的函数、方程、不等式,初中不作要求,只作定量研究,而高中这部分内容视为重难点。方程、不等式、函数的综合考查常成为高考综合题。

几何部分很多概念(如重心、垂心等)和定理(如平行线分线段比例定理,射影定理,相交弦定理等)初中生大都没有学习,而高中都要涉及。

另外,像配方法、换元法、待定系数法初中教学大大弱化,而高中是基本方法。 积极转型

高中学生不仅要想学,还必须“会学”,要讲究科学的学习方法,提高学习效率,变被动学习为主动学习,才能取得好的学习成绩。

1、养成习惯、夯实基础

良好的学习习惯包括:制定计划、课前自学、专心上课、及时复习、独立作业、珍惜错误、总结反思等方面。

俗话说“基础不牢,地动山摇”,数学基础是影响学生成绩好与坏的重要因素,要夯实基础应重视知识的形成过程和与其它知识的联系,努力使每个孤立的知识点形成一个完整的知识网络。

2、学会反思、形成学法

很多初中同学好的成绩的取得就是做题,死记硬背和简单模仿,认为题做多了,懂的就越多,考得就越好。事实上这种学习方法在高中会有问题的。如有的同学把老师发的练习一道不漏的做了,老师讲得也听懂了,但是考试的时候还会旧错重犯。要避免这一问题就要学会“反思”。

解题后反思:深化对问题的理解,探究解题规律,进一步进行思维发散和内敛,形成解题思维模式,达到做一题,明一理,迁移一片,解决一类的目的。

考试后反思:对错题做深入分析,找出错因,对症强化。

阶段性反思:对出现的问题做阶段性总结,看哪些“病症”。

此外,还要“精练”,练典型题、练热点题、练多错题,通过练习促进考生知识的深化、活化、内化,从而提高解题能力和速度。

怎样才能跳出题海? "一题多变和一题多解"可以很好地培养学生的解题能力.所谓一题多变,是从不同的角度、不同的方位去审视分析问题,有利于培养学生的发散性思维.而一题多解则是创造性思维的体现,通过题设的变化、结论的变化、新问题的引申促进学生牢固掌握所学知识。

使用《题根.高中数学》一书的也是很好的选择,本题的理念就是懂一题、会一类。我相信本书会对同学们提高能力有很大的帮助。

3、主动学习、提升能力

据国外统计,一个学生从小学到大学所学到的知识,只占他一生所拥有的知识的20%。所以,从学会到会学,就显得尤为重要。

爱因斯坦说过,“提出一个问题往往比解决一个问题更重要。”李政道也曾经说:“遇到问题要敢于问个为什么,可怕的是提不出问题,迈不出第一步。”能够发现问题,并且敢于向老师提出来,这是刻苦学习,主动钻研的表现。要大胆质疑,在“疑”中产生问题,在“疑”中产生兴趣,只有“疑”才有思,只有“思”才能进出创新的火花。要养成独立的思维方式,培养不信书、不信师的敢想、敢说的自主创新意识。

因此要学好高中数学主动学习、自主学习很重要,准高一同学可以通过暑假自学高一数学,不仅可以培养你的自学能力,质疑能力、反思能力,同时可以增强自己的自信心,提升自己的综合能力。

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无论是高考会考或自主招生,英语成绩始终占领着其无可替代的先锋作用。高一的

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