网站地图
【www.chawenzhang.com--知识文库】
myyouth《一》
Youth 歌词
Youth-Troye Sivan What if, what if we run away? 假如，假如我们跑向远方 What if, what if we left today? 假如，假如我们在今日离去 What if we said goodbye to safe and sound? 假如 我们安然无恙的诉说告别 And what if, what if we're hard to find? 再假如，假如我们再难找寻 What if, what if we lost our minds? 假如，假如我们迷失了自我 What if we let them fall behind and they're never found? 假如我们丢下了他们之后从此再难找寻 And when the lights start flashing like a photobooth 光在一片漆黑中越发闪亮 And the stars exploding, we’ll be fireproof 星空爆炸也没关系，我们本身就能防火 My youth, my youth is yours 我的青春，我的青春属于你们 Trippin' on skies, sippin' waterfalls 享受天空下的瀑布 My youth, my youth is yours 我的青春，我的青春属于你们 Run away now and forevermore 现在开始就行动 My youth, my youth is yours 我的青春，我的青春属于你们 A truth so loud you can't ignore 你不能忽视这个真理 My youth, my youth, my youth 我的青春，我的青春属于你们 My youth is yours 我的青春属于你们 What if, what if we start to drive? 假如，假如我们开始旅行 What if, what if we close our eyes? 假如，假如我们闭上双眼 What if we're speeding through red lights into paradise? 假如我们加速穿过红灯之后便是天堂 Cause we've no time for getting old 因为我们没有时间等待老去 Mortal body; timeless souls 肉体可以老去，但灵魂怎么会 Cross your fingers, here we go
朝你指向的方向即刻出发 And when the lights start flashing like a photobooth 光在一片漆黑中越发闪亮 And the stars exploding, we’ll be fireproof 星空爆炸我们就是消防员 My youth, my youth is yours 我的青春，我的青春属于你们 Trippin' on skies, sippin' waterfalls 享受天空下的瀑布 My youth, my youth is yours 我的青春，我的青春属于你们 Run away now and forevermore 现在开始就行动 My youth, my youth is yours 我的青春，我的青春属于你们 A truth so loud you can't ignore 你不能忽视这个真理 My youth, my youth, my youth 我的青春，我的青春属于你们 My youth is yours 我的青春属于你们 My youth is yours 我的青春属于你们 My youth, my youth is yours 我的青春，我的青春属于你们 Trippin' on skies, sippin' waterfalls 享受天空下的瀑布 My youth, my youth is yours 我的青春，我的青春属于你们 Run away now and forevermore 现在开始就行动 My youth, my youth is yours 我的青春，我的青春属于你们 A truth so loud you can’t ignore 你不能忽视这个真理 My youth, my youth, my youth 我的青春，我的青春属于你们 My youth is yours 我的青春属于你们 My youth is yours 我的青春属于你们 My youth is yours 我的青春属于你们
myyouth《二》
My youth My dream
My youth My dream
Respect teacher, dear classmates Everybody is good! Today I’m going to lecture on the topic of <<My youth My dream>>
No young man believes he shall ever die.There is feeling of Eternity in youth,which makes us amend for everthing To be young to be as one of the Immortal Gods.One half of time indeed is flown-the other half remains in store for as with all its countless treasures;for there is no line drawn,and we see no limit to our hopes and wishes.Wemake the coming age our own.
The vast the unbound prospect lies before us,including our dreams.So I will say :Concentrate upon your dreams and they will be come material actualities.Through concentration we work out our dreams in physical life.Your pust dreams are determining your present Therefore if you want a bright future,you must begin to prepare for it today.
Wesay a man is as changeable as the weather.What is meant is his dream change Every time you change your idea you think differently. You become like a ruddless
boat on an ocean
Therefore realize,the importance of hdding to your dream until it becomes a reality
Catch the star that holds your desing,the one that forever twinkles within your heart.Take advantage of precious opporyunities,while they still spakle before you.Always believe that your ultimate as long as you commit yourself to it.
Though burriers may sometimes stand in the way of your dreams remember that your desting is hiding behind them Accept the fect that not everyone is goning to approve of the choices you have made,have faith in your judgement,catch the star.path.Fllow that pathway and uncover the sweet sunrises that await you Take pride in your accomplishments as they are stepping stones to your dreams,Understand that you may make mistakes,but don’t let them,dis courage you Value your capabilities and talent for they are what make you truly unique.The greatest gifts in life are not purchased,but acquired,though hard work and determination.
Finding the star that twinkles in your heart for you alone are capable of making your brightest dreams come
ture
So don’t think that you are neglected,or understood or not appreciated zsuch thought are the thoughts of failure
Don’t pity yourself,criticise yourself.you known that the only thing in the world that you have to count upon is yourself.
myyouth《三》
my youth
My Youth , My Dream
We all want to believe that we are capable of great feats , of reaching our fullest potential .We need dreams . They give us a vision of a better future . They nourish our spirit ,they represent possibility even then we are dragged down by reality .They keep us going . Most successful people are dreamers . Dreamers are not content with merely mediocre ,because no one ever dreams of going half way .
When I was a little girl , I didn’t dream of a life of stryggle and frustration .I dreamed of doing something big and splashy ,something significant .I dreamed big .But now , I become realistic .I have a dream that I can have my own firm one day .Because I major in economic , I can use my special knowledge to run the company .When I have a lot of money , I will donate some of them to help others .
My dreams are worthless , my plans are dust , my goals are impossible .All are of no value unless they are followed by action .Action is the food and drink which will nourish my success .If I don’t take any actions to realize my dream , it will become a fantasy .When I was little , I dreamed big .It’s a pity for me that I didn’t do anything to approach it .I always think that when I grow up , I can take some actions .But when I grow up truly , I forget my dream and my ambition .So I will not avoid the tasks of today and charge them to tomorrow .For I know that tomorrow never comes .
Let me act now even though my actions may not bring success for it is better to act and fail than not be act and flounder .Success will not wait . If I delay , she will become betrothed another and lost ti me forever .I will take every effort to accomplish my dream .i won’t let it become a fantasy , it is just my dream .maybe some years later , it will become true .
我们相信自己有成就伟业的能力，能发挥出自己最大的潜力。我们需要梦想。它能滋养我们的灵魂，梦想代表一种可能性，尽管它会受到现实的羁绊。梦想让我们勇往直前。多数成功人士都是梦想家。梦想家不满足于平庸，因为谁都不希望半途而废。
孩提时，我不曾梦想过自立而充满挫折的生活。却梦想做一些轰轰烈烈而有意义的大事。我梦想成为伟人。但是现在，我很现实。我有一个梦想，将来的某一天，我能有一个自己的公司。因为我主修经济，能够用自己的专业知识经营公司。将来有了钱，我会捐出一部分帮助其他人。
我的梦想毫无价值，我的计划无足轻重，我的目标遥不可及。除非我付出行动，否则一切都将毫无意义。行动就像食物和水分一样，会滋养我的成功之花。如果我不采取行动实现我的梦想，它就会变成空想。
孩提时，我梦想成为伟人。我没有做任何事情去实现它，这是我人生中的一个遗憾.我总是认为等我长大了在行动也不晚。但是等我真的长大了，我却忘了我的梦想和抱负。我不会逃避今天的责任，而把它们推给明天。
. 因为我知道明天永远不会到来,让我立刻行动起来吧，即使这行动不能带来成功，但是哪怕行动导致了失败，也胜过坐以待毙。成功不会等待。如果我迟疑，她会投入别人的怀抱，而我将永远失去它。我会尽一切努力来完成我的梦想。我不会让它成为空想，他只是我的梦想。可能再过几年，梦想就会成真。
myyouth《四》
my youth , my dream
my youth , my dream
We all want to believe that we are capable of great feats , of reaching our fullest potential . 我们相信自己有成就伟业的能力，能发挥出自己最大的潜力。
We need dreams . 我们需要梦想。
They give us a vision of a better future . 它会给我们展现一番更好的前景。
They nourish our spirit ,they represent possibility even then we are dragged down by reality . 它能滋养我们的灵魂，梦想代表一种可能性，尽管它会受到现实的羁绊。
They keep us going . 梦想让我们勇往直前。
Most successful people are dreamers . 多数成功人士都是梦想家。
Dreamers are not content with merely mediocre ,because no one ever dreams of going half way . 梦想家不满足于平庸，因为谁都不希望半途而废。
When I was a little girl , I didn’t dream of a life of stryggle and frustration .
孩提时，我不曾梦想过自立而充满挫折的生活。
I dreamed of doing something big and splashy ,something significant .
却梦想做一些轰轰烈烈而有意义的大事。
I dreamed big .我梦想成为伟人。
But now , I become realistic . 但是现在，我很现实。
I have a dream that I can have my own firm one day .
我有一个梦想，将来的某一天，我能有一个自己的公司。
Because I major in economic , I can use my special knowledge to run the company .
因为我主修经济，能够用自己的专业知识经营公司。
When I have a lot of money , I will donate some of them to help others .
将来有了钱，我会捐出一部分帮助其他人。
My dreams are worthless , my plans are dust , my goals are impossible .
我的梦想毫无价值，我的计划无足轻重，我的目标遥不可及。
All are of no value unless they are followed by action .
除非我付出行动，否则一切都将毫无意义。
Action is the food and drink which will nourish my success .
行动就像食物和水分一样，会滋养我的成功之花。
If I don’t take any actions to realize my dream , it will become a fantasy .
如果我不采取行动实现我的梦想，它就会变成空想。
When I was little , I dreamed big .孩提时，我梦想成为伟人。
It’s a pity for me that I didn’t do anything to approach it .
我没有做任何事情去实现它，这是我人生中的一个遗憾。
I always think that when I grow up , I can take some actions .
我总是认为等我长大了在行动也不晚。
But when I grow up truly , I forget my dream and my ambition .
但是等我真的长大了，我却忘了我的梦想和抱负。
So I will not avoid the tasks of today and charge them to tomorrow .
我不会逃避今天的责任，而把它们推给明天。
For I know that tomorrow never comes .因为我知道明天永远不会到来。
Let me act now even though my actions may not bring success for it is better to act and fail than not be act and flounder .
让我立刻行动起来吧，即使这行动不能带来成功，但是哪怕行动导致了失败，也胜过坐以待
毙。
Success will not wait . 成功不会等待。
If I delay , she will become betrothed another and lost ti me forever .
如果我迟疑，她会投入别人的怀抱，而我将永远失去它。
I will take every effort to accomplish my dream .i won’t let it become a fantasy , it is just my dream .maybe some years later , it will become true .
我会尽一切努力来完成我的梦想。我不会让它成为空想，他只是我的梦想。可能再过几年，梦想就会成真。
myyouth《五》
my youth , my future
My youth, my future
Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen! It’s my great honor to be here today, to give you my speech.
When the first time I saw the topic--my youth, my future, I was lost in thought. I recalled my childhood when I was very little and had no idea of study. My parents are both farmers, they didn’t receive much education. So they anticipate me to go to university and hope I can have a bright future. At that time, I nodded and promised them that I would make efforts to go to university. But actually, I was puzzled about my youth and my future. For a long time, I didn’t find what I, myself, really want.
Now, I have become a college student. To some degree, I achieved my parents’ goal. Is this all that I want? Is this enough? Many times, I asked myself and tried very hard to find the answer. Finally, I got it --I must choose my own lifestyle.
Each of us can be an important, thinking, aware and creative being—a productive person. For me, for my youth, which lays the foundation for my future, I draw it colorfully and meaningfully.
As a student in university, I should learn my academic knowledge well; as a youngster that is going to step into society, I should accumulate social and practical experience; as a righteous person I want to be, I should care more about vulnerable groups. And what is more important is that I will care more about our world and its peoples. I will not allow myself to be isolated from the general problems of society, but I will be concerned, compassionate, committed to improving the quality of life.{myyouth}.
At present, I’m studying in my beloved university and fight for my future. And I do know, there is a world, a better world for me to go after. As a member of the society, not only do I need to make contribution to my own family but also I should be devoted to our society. I hope my future can have something to do with the future of our society.
We are the future of our country; we are the pillars of the state. We should be diligent enough to acquire knowledge; brave enough to seize every chance and wise enough to be able to make some difference to our society.
Thank you very much!
myyouth《六》
综合语VS分析语
1、综合语VS分析语（Synthetic VS Analytic)
(语段分析):
In English, the tense inflection(时态变化) can show the time sequence, so the word order does not need to follow the rule of temporal sequence（时间顺序） like Chinese.An English word can take several grammal meanings through inflections on gender（性），case（格）,number（数），tense（时）,aspect（体）,voice（态）,mood（语气）,person(人称)，comparatic（比较级)etc,the word is flexible.
原文：During my youth in America's Appalachian mountains, I learned that farmers preferred sons over daughters, largely because boys were better at heavy farm labour. With only 3% of Americans in agriculture today, brain has supplanted brawn, yet cultural preferences, like bad habits, are easier to make than break. But history warns repeatedly of the tragic cost of dismissing too casually the gifts of the so-called weaker sex.
●The word with the color of blue are connected with tense（时）,aspect（体）一个单词通过变化时态，加上ed或之前加上have可以表示不同时间发生的事，不用像汉语那样一直变换时间。
（数），一个单数形式的单词只要在●The word with the color of pink are connected with number
其尾加上s或es 就表示复数形式。
（比较级),通常在原词词尾加上●The word with the color of green are connected with comparatic
er,再用than连接,或者是在其前加上more 就表示比较形式
●The word with the color of red are connected with gender（性）,原来是动词的解雇（dismiss）再起后加ing就变成了动名词
总之英语作为综合语在文章中的表现就是灵活变化，曲折的来表达语法关系。
2、形合vs意合 (Hypotaxis vs Parataxis)
(语段分析):
（严谨的句法) structures. The structure English sentences tend to have strict and compact syntactic
is subject-predicate. There are more prepositions,and connectives,which can connect a number of clauses into long complex sentences.
原文：During my youth in America's Appalachian mountains, I learned that farmers preferred sons over daughters, largely because boys were better at heavy farm labour. With only 3% of Americans in agriculture today, brain has supplanted brawn, yet cultural preferences, like bad habits, are easier to make than break. But history warns repeatedly of the tragic cost of dismissing too casually the gifts of the so-called weaker sex.
●The word with the color of yellow are prepositions and connectives.英语中常用各种连接手段，譬如用这些介词和连词来连接句子，使整个句子趋于严谨化和正式化。
3、繁复VS简洁（complex vs simple)
(语段分析):
● English usually uses complex sentence and clause to recount one by one tier.Chinese always use the way of "running water " to record events ,. (Be tattooed with the thick part of China-Canada)
，用分句逐层叙述。（文中加粗部分] [英语常用复合句；汉语常用“流水记事法”
原文：During my youth in America's Appalachian mountains, I learned that farmers preferred sons over daughters, largely because boys were better at heavy farm labour. With only 3% of Americans in agriculture today, brain has supplanted brawn, yet cultural preferences, like bad habits, are easier to make than break. But history warns repeatedly of the tragic cost of dismissing too casually the gifts of the so-called weaker sex.
4、集聚VS流散（compact vs diffusive)
(语段分析):
●The first sentence underline is a clausu,using the word "that"to connect.And all the sentences are linked with subject（主语） and predicat（谓语）,the predicat must be verb,unlike Chinese,the predicat can be Adjective（形容词）.
●在英语中，主谓一致是不变的、严谨的，主语不可缺，谓语是句子的中心，必须是动词.
原文：During my youth in America's Appalachian mountains, I learned that farmers preferred sons over daughters, largely because boys were better at heavy farm labour. With only 3% of Americans in agriculture today, brain has supplanted brawn, yet cultural preferences, like bad habits, are easier to make than break. But history warns repeatedly of the tragic cost of dismissing too casually the gifts of the so-called weaker sex.
5、物称VS人称（impersonal vs personal)
（语段分析）：
英语经常用非人称作主语。以下加大字体的主语均是物。
原文：During my youth in America's Appalachian mountains, I learned that farmers preferred sons over daughters, largely because boys were better at heavy farm labour. With only 3% of Americans in agriculture today, brain has supplanted brawn, yet cultural preferences, like bad habits, are easier to make than break. But history warns repeatedly of the tragic cost of dismissing too casually the gifts of the so-called weaker sex.
6、静态 vs 动态(stative vs dynamic)
（语段分析）：
●English narration(叙事）is more proneto be(更倾向于）static. 英语经常用名词形容词或弱动词（be,have,become,feel,go,come,get,do,etc)，弱短语（have a look、take a walk、do some shopping,etc)。以下斜体字均是弱动词。
原文：During my youth in America's Appalachian mountains, I learned that farmers preferred sons over daughters, largely because boys were better at heavy farm labour. With only 3% of
Americans in agriculture today, brain has supplanted brawn, yet cultural preferences, like bad habits, are easier to make than break. But history warns repeatedly of the tragic cost of dismissing too casually the gifts of the so-called weaker sex.
7、替换 VS 重复（substitution vs repetition)
(语段分析):
In English, a pronoun(代名词) is ued to substitute (代替）for those words which have already appeared in context （上下文）sequent。
原文：During my youth in America's Appalachian mountains, I learned that farmers preferred sons over daughters, largely because boys were better at heavy farm labour. With only 3% of Americans in agriculture today, brain has supplanted brawn, yet cultural preferences, like bad habits, are easier to make than break. But history warns repeatedly of the tragic cost of dismissing too casually the gifts of the so-called weaker sex.
myyouth《七》
综合英语教程第三册课文翻译
Unit1 My Father
I don't really know my father. He isn't easy to get on with. He's quite self-centred, and a little bit vain, I think, and in some ways quite unapproachable. The public must think he's very easy-going, but at home he keeps himself to himself.
He can't have been at home much when I was a child, because I don't remember much about him. He's always been slightly out of touch with family life. His work always came first, and he was always off somewhere acting or rehearsing. He loves being asked for his autograph, he loves to be recognised. He has won several awards, and he's very proud of that. He was made a Member of the British Empire, and we had to go to Buckingham Palace to get the medal. It was incredibly boring. There were hundreds of other people getting the same awards, and you had to sit there for hours. He shows off his awards to whoever comes to the house.
I went to public school, and because of my total lack of interest and non-attendance I was asked to leave. I didn't want to go there in the first place. I was taken away from all my friends. He must have been very pleased to get me into the school, but in the end it was a complete waste of money. I let him down quite badly, I suppose. I tried several jobs but I couldn't settle down in them. Then I realised that what I really wanted to do was live in the country and look after animals, so that's what I now do.
As a family, we're not that close, either emotionally or geographically. We don't see much of each other these days. My father and I are totally different, like chalk and cheese. My interests have always been the country, but he's into books, music and above all, opera, which I hate. If they do come to see us, they're in completely the wrong clothes for the country-mink coats, nice little leather shoes, not exactly ideal for long walks across the fields.
He was totally opposed to me getting married. He was hoping we would break up. Gerald's too humble, I suppose. He must have wanted me to marry someone famous, but I didn't, and that's all there is to it. We don't want children, but my father keeps on and on talking about wanting grandchildren. You can't make someone have children just because you want grandchildren.
I never watch him on television. I'm not that interested, and anyway he usually forgets to tell me when he's on.
我实在不了解我的父亲，与他相处很难。在我看来，他总以自我为中心，还有一点自负，在某种程度上难以接近。公众一定以为他很随和，但在家里，他总是拒人于千里之外。
在我小的时候，他一定很少在家，因为在我的记忆里关于他的不多。他总有点冷落家庭成员。工作是第一要义，他总是离家去拍戏或排练。他喜欢别人索要他的亲笔签名，喜欢出风头。他获得过几项大奖，并引以为荣。他还被授予英国皇家成员的称号，为此我们不得不去白金汉宫领取勋章。授勋典礼简直无聊透顶。由于有数百人获此勋章，因此你就不得不在那儿等上好几个小时。只要有人来我家拜访，他总不忘向来访的每个人炫耀他的那些奖章。
我上的是私立学校，由于对功课毫无兴趣，再加上无故旷课，我被勒令退学。我本来就不愿去那儿上学，因为我不得不离开我所有的朋友。把我送进那所学校父亲一定很满意，可到头来纯粹是在浪费钱。我猜我一定让他失望至极。我试过几份工作，但总无法安下心来。后来，我终于意识到我真正想做的就是在乡下照料家畜，于是一直干到现在。 作为一家人，我们不仅住的地方相隔不近，在情感上也不那么亲近。这些天我们很少互相走动。父亲和我性格迥异，或者说是貌合神离。乡村是我的乐趣所在，而父亲却对书本，音乐，尤其是我最讨厌的歌剧感兴趣。就算他们真的来看我，也是穿着及其"不合地宜"的衣服---貂皮大衣，漂亮小巧的皮鞋，根本不适合在田间远足。
对于我的婚姻，他及其反对，且一直希望我们分手。我想是杰拉德出身太卑微了。父亲一定是想让我和名人结合，但我没有，就这么回事。我和丈夫不想要小孩，可父亲却不停地唠叨说想要个外孙。但总不能因为你想要个外孙就让别人生小孩吧。
我从不看他演的电视节目，不怎么想看。何况他还常忘了告诉我播出的时间。
Unit3 Saved by his mistakes
Jerry Cram set out to go coon hunting that gloomy afternoon. With him were his old shepherd dog and two beagle hound pups. At least he said they were beagles, but his older brother Bob had roared with laughter a month earlier, when Jerry had told him they had cost five dollars. "It's another of your mistakes, Jerry!" He said. And that's what Bob called the pups "Mistake No. 1" and "Mistake No. 2"
Even Jerry had to admit that the pups weren't much help, for he hunted for several hours without any luck, till at last he ran out of shells. Then, toward evening, he spotted a racoon high in a beech tree. It was a forty-foot tree, an ancient one that had died years ago. The top of its trunk had been carried away in some storm, and the trunk itself had been gutted by rot and insects.
Still, Jerry went up after the coon, intending to capture him by hand. But he never reached the animal. Just as he got level with the top of the broken trunk, the limb on which he was standing cracked ominously under his feet. Instantly he
jumped to the rim of the tree trunk, and at once the edge crumbled. Down he plunged, too suddenly to make a sound, into the deep hollow of the dead tree.
It was dark inside the tree. Above him there was only a pale disc of sky. At his feet a pear-shaped hole framed a small patch of grey light. He could hear the pups sniffing and yelping to him, and Shep backed off and barked in alarm.
Jerry was scared. Some time passed before he calmed down and began to look for a way to get out. There were no handholds on the inside of the trunk; the snag that had slowed him up on his way down was out of reach. And, though he tried desperately, he couldn't enlarge the hole at his feet by kicking. It would do no good to call, either; he was much too far from home for that. At last the idea came to him of sending the dogs for help. "Go home, Shep! Go home!" He shouted. The dog gave one sharp bark. "Go home!" He shouted again. And, at that, Shep turned and streaked across the field, but the two pups remained, yelping encouragement to their master.
was just room for Jerry to stand, and he was drenched by the rain. For a minute he wondered if he would drown there, but the water ran out of the hole at the bottom as fast as it came in at the top. Outside, Jerry could hear the pups whimpering. They were frightened by the storm, but they didn't go away. Instead, they moved closer to the tree to comfort him, and stuck their muzzles through the hole to lick his feet.
Meanwhile Shep had run across the fields to the Cram home. Barking furiously, he got Bob to follow him back. But when they reached the fences the old dog, who had leaped over them frantically as he came, was too tired to jump them again, and, in the end, it was only the barking of the sad-eyed little pups that guided Bob to the right tree.
Even then it took a rescue party, ropes, and fifteen hours to get Jerry out of his sodden prison-wet, hungry, and exhausted.
"Oh, gosh," he said over and over after they had finally pulled him up, "I kept thinking, this is Jerry's last mistake: I'm going to die down here. But the pups didn't give up hope! Shep went for help, and the pups stayed with me all the time! Mistake No. 1 and Mistake No. 2 -they saved me!"
那是一个阴霾的下午，杰瑞"克莱姆动身准备去猎浣熊。随他同行的有他的老牧羊狗和两只猎犬幼仔。至少他说他们是小猎兔犬。一个月以前，当杰瑞告诉他哥哥鲍勃说他自己花了五美元买了那两只小狗，鲍勃吼笑道："你又犯傻了，杰瑞！"因而，鲍勃称呼两只幼仔为"错误1号"和"错误2号"。
杰瑞猎捕了好几个小时，一无所获，直到最后用尽了子弹，他不得不承认这两只幼仔无多大用处。临近傍晚，他在一棵山毛榉树顶发现了一只浣熊。这棵树四十英尺高，极古老，数年前就枯死。树干顶部被风暴卷起了，树干本身由于腐烂和虫咬被毁坏了。
然而，杰瑞走到浣熊后，想用手抓它。但是他从未碰过动物。正当他到达残缺的树干的顶尖时，他踩的树枝在脚下不幸破裂了。他马上移到树干的边缘，立刻树梢被压断了。他突然跌下来了。事情发生的太突然了，杰瑞没来得及喊一声，就落入了朽树的深洞里。
他直摔下去，途中一根伸出的树枝挂住了他的衣服，悬空片刻，接着他又跌倒了。他颤抖地茫然地爬起来，但奇怪的是没有受伤。
树洞里一片漆黑。他头顶上仅有圆盘大的灰蒙蒙的天空。脚下梨状小孔映出一小块淡淡的光。他可以听见两只幼仔朝着他叫，牧羊狗后退并且惊慌地叫着。
杰瑞害怕了。过了一段时间，他平静下来了，开始寻找出路。树干里没有东西可以抓着爬出去；他无法抓住帮助阻止他下跌速度的那根根株。他竭尽全力，却不能把脚下的那个孔踢大。求救也无用，当时他离家太远。最后他决定派狗去寻求帮助。"回家，牧羊狗，回家！"他喊道。牧羊狗尖叫一声。"回家！"他又喊了一声。牧羊狗转身飞快的跨过田野，但两只幼仔仍原地不动，用叫声鼓励着主人。
夜幕来临。暴风雨袭来。闪电在尖顶上闪过，雨涌入了树中的空洞里。那恰是杰瑞可以站的地方，他被雨淋透了。他曾担心自己是否会淹死在那儿。但是雨水从顶部流入的同时又流出了这个空洞。外面，杰瑞可以听到两只幼仔在呜咽。他们被暴雨吓坏了，并没有离开。相反，他们更接近树了，用嘴穿过小孔去舔主人的脚以示安慰。
同时牧羊狗跑过田野到了克莱姆家。它猛烈地叫着，鲍勃紧跟着它。但是当他们到达篱笆旁时，这只狗，正如它来的时候一样身体慌乱不稳，太累了再也不能跳过去了。最后，仅靠眼睛悲伤的幼仔的叫声引导鲍勃到了那棵树前。 接着是营救工作，用绳子花了15个小时把杰瑞从浸透了的囚笼里拖出来---这时杰瑞浑身湿透了，又饿又累。
他们把他拖上来后，杰瑞反复唠叨："哎，天哪，我一直在想我会死在这儿，这是杰瑞的最后一次错误。但是幼仔没有放弃希望！牧羊狗去求助，幼仔自始至终陪着我！错误1号和错误2号---他们救了我的命。"
Unit5 Learning a Language
When we talk about learning a language like English, Japanese or Spanish, we speak and think as though the language in question were a fixed unchanging thing. We expect to learn it as we learned geometry or how to ride a bicycle-systematically, and with clear ultimate success. Many people subsequently give up when they discover just what a misconception this is. They have in fact embarked on an activity that could last the rest of their lives. The experience makes them realise that they are not only going to have to work very hard indeed if they want to succeed, but also that they are -in many cases-barely masters of the language they call their own "mother tongue".
Studying any language is, in fact, an endless voyage. Each of the thousands of languages currently used in the world is a A second common misconception about language is that words have fixed and clear meanings. This is-fortunately or unfortunately-far from true. Take even the apparently simple and specific English word man. It seems clear enough; it refers to "an adult male human being". Of course it does, but just consider for a moment the following sentences:
1) There are several men missing in that chess set.
2) The boat was manned entirely by women and children.
You might argue that these sentences are somewhat unnatural; certainly, they do not represent the everyday core meaning of the word man. meaning is nevertheless conveyed.
A third misconception about language claims that every language is -or should be-equally used and understood by all its practitioners everywhere. Certainly, users of the standard forms of English in the United Kingdom generally understand their equivalents in the United States; the degree of similarity between these two major forms of English is great. Dialect-users in these countries, however, have serious problems understanding each other, to the extent that they may wonder if they are actually using the same language. Someone from Brooklyn, New York, will have trouble with a Cockney from London; an old-style British Army colonel won't do well in discussions with a Californian flower-boy. Yet they all belong within the vast community of 20th century World English.
当我们谈到学习一门语言诸如英语、日语或西班牙语时，我们讲并且认为正在谈论中的语言是固定不变的，我们期望像学几何或学骑车一样系统学习并且最后的成功明了可见。许多人发现这仅是一种误解时便放弃了。实际上，他们开始了一份持续终生的工作。这种经验使他们不仅意识到如果想要成功不得不努力工作，而且意识到在很多情况下，他们连自己所谓的母语也没有精通。
其实，学习任何语言就像是一次永无止境的航行。当今世界上使用的成千上万语言中的每一种语言都是一件复杂的事情。许多语言确实有一种标准形式---特别是书面语---这就是我们要学习的，然而，他们也可能有各种各样的地区方言和社会文体，许多是历史进程中和其他语言融合的产物。英语就是这样一种混合语言。大约二千年前开始演变的。首先是一种古德语形式，与一种特殊的古法语发生了冲突，其后又吸取了一些拉丁语和希腊语。自那以后有吸收了它的使用者所接触的其他所有语言的点点滴滴。
关于语言的第二种常见误解是单词意思固定清楚。这种想法---无论不幸还是有幸---是远远不正确的。举个十分简单和具体的英语单词"man"为例。似乎足够清楚，指的是"成年男子"。当然的确如此，但是考虑一下下列句子：
1） There are several men missing in that chess set.
那副象棋缺了几颗棋子。
2） The boat was manned entirely by women and children.
这艘船全由妇女和小孩掌舵。
你可能争论这些句子有点不自然。是的，它们不是单词"man"的日常用法，而是其中心意义的合理延伸。尤其有趣的是在第二个句子中它作动词用而不是名词。这表明我们期望成年男子做水手，而不是妇女当然更不是小孩。语言中的一些乐趣和天赋很可能是由这种单词的细微差别的误用而产生的。别忘了，如果你叫一个人"猫"或"卷心菜"，虽然你不是表达字面意思，但它们会被曲解成许多意思。
关于语言的第三个误解是：每一种语言都被--- 或者说应该被它的所有使用者到处同样地使用和理解。当然，一般说来，使用英国英语标准形式的人都能理解其在美国英语中的对等词。英语这两种主要形式相似程度极大。这些国家的讲方言的人在互相理解对方时有严重的障碍，甚至到了怀疑他们是否真正使用同一语言的程度。一个来自纽约布鲁克林的人与来自伦敦的伦敦佬交流有困难一位古板的英国上校不会和一个加里福利亚的嬉皮士谈笑风生。然而他们都属于20世纪世界英语的巨大群体中的成员。
Unit6 Bargains
Let us take the orthodox definition of the word bargain. It is something offered at a low and advantageous price. It is an opportunity to buy something at a lower price than it is really worth. A more recent definition is: a bargain is a dirty trick to extort money from the pockets of silly and innocent people.
I have never attended a large company's board meeting in my life, but feel certain that the discussion often takes the following lines. The cost of producing a new -for example-toothpaste would make 80p the decent price for it, so we will market it at ￡1.20. It is not a bad toothpaste (not specially good either, but not bad), and as people like to try new things it will sell well to start with; but the attraction of novelty soon fades, so sales will fall. When that starts to happen we will reduce the price to ￡1.15. And we will turn it into a bargain by printing 5p OFF all over it, whereupon people will rush to buy it even though it still costs about forty-three percent more than its fair price.
Sometimes it is not 5p OFF but 1p OFF. What breathtaking impertinence to advertise 1p OFF your soap or washing powder or dog food or whatever. Even the poorest old-age pensioner ought to regard this as an insult, but he doesn't. A bargain must not be missed. To be offered a "gift" of one penny is like being invited to dinner and offered one single pea (tastily cooked), and nothing else. Even if it represented a real reduction it would be an insult. Still, people say, one has to have The real danger starts when utterly unnecessary things become "bargains". There is a huge number of people who just cannot resist bargains and sales. Provided they think they are getting a bargain they will buy clothes they will never wear, furniture they have no space for. Old ladies will buy roller-skates and non-smokers will buy pipe-cleaners. And I once heard of a man who bought an electric circular saw as a bargain and cut off two of his fingers the next day. But he had no regrets: the saw had been truly cheap.
Quite a few people actually believe that they make money on such bargains. A lady I know, otherwise a charming and seemingly sane girl, sometimes tells me stories such as this: "I've had a lucky day today. I bought a dress for￡120, reduced from￡400." She feels as though she has made￡280. She also feels, I am sure, that if she had more time for shopping, she could make a living out of it.
Some people buy in bulk because it is cheaper. I once knew a couple who could not resist buying sugar in bulk. They thought it a tremendous bargain, not to be missed, so they bought enough sugar for their lifetime and the lifetime of their children and grandchildren. When the sugar arrived they didn't know where to store it -until they realised that their loo was a very spacious one. So that was where they piled up their sugar. Not only did their guests feel rather strange whenever they were offered sugar to put into their coffee, but the loo became extremely sticky.
To offer bargains is a commercial trick to make the poor poorer. When greedy fools fall for this trick, it serves them right. All the same, if bargains were prohibited by law our standard of living would immediately rise by 7.39 per cent.
让我们给"甩货"这个词下一个传统定义，即商家推出的物美价廉的产品，也是一次机会让人们可以买到比实际价格低的商品。而近来又有了这样的定义：甩货是商家使用的从傻子与无头脑的人们口袋中骗取钱财的伎俩。
我从未参加过任何一家大型公司的董事会议，但可以肯定这样的会总是围绕以下事宜展开。以牙膏为例，生产这种新产品的成本费80便士为其合理价格，市场价格为1英镑20便士。这种牙膏不算很差（尽管没什么特别，也还过得去），加之人们乐于尝试新事物的心理，因此起初它销量会很可观。但是新鲜的吸引力一过, 销量自会下跌，于是我们将价格降到1英镑15便士，还打着甩货的幌子贴出“买一盒牙膏省五便士”的海报，人们则争先恐后地抢购，尽管抢购价比正常价位高出大约43%。
有时不是省5便士，而只是省1便士而已。"只要您购买香皂，洗衣粉，狗食或其他商品均可享受1便士的优惠。这样的广告是一种让人难以忍受的屈辱。"即使是最穷困的高龄养老金领取者也应当认为这是一种侮辱行为，然而却没有人这样想。甩货是不能错过的嘛！而这1便士的礼物就像你应邀去参加一场丰盛的晚宴却只提供一粒烹饪考究的豌豆。即使1便士真实地反映了产品的降价，可它仍然是一种侮辱。然而，人们会说，反正我们不能没有洗衣粉这样的东西，
还是买那个能省1便士的好了。记得当我在匈牙利时，还是个孩子，有一个人就因为1 pengo （等值于1先令）而被指控谋杀，并且他认了罪。法官义愤填膺："就为了1先令去杀人……你还要为自己辩护什么？"凶手答道："这儿1先令，那儿1先令……"这也正是今天的商家所说："这儿1便士，那儿1便士。"
随着那些完全没有必要东西成了“便宜货”，真正的危机也如期而至，一大群人都无法抵制甩卖和降价的诱惑。只要他们在买甩卖品，他们就会买这辈子都不会穿的衣服，没有地方安置的家具。老太太会买溜冰鞋，不吸烟的人则买烟斗通条。我还听说一个人在甩卖时买了一个电动圆锯，结果第二天就割掉了两根手指，可他并不后悔：这个锯子真是很便宜啊！
事实上，很多人都相信买甩货是有利可图的。我认识一个楚楚动人，似乎心志很健全的女士，她常给我讲这样的故事："今天太走运了，只花120英镑就买到了一件原价400的连衣裙。" 那感觉好像是她赚了280英镑。我确信她也认为如果再多花点时间购物，就可以靠此谋生了。
由于商品的贱价出售，有人则大批量购买。我听说有一对夫妇忍不住购买了大量的糖，他们认为这是万万不能错过捡大便宜的好时机，于是买足了供他们一辈子用的糖，就连他们的孩子们和子孙都够用了。可当糖运到家中时，他们意识到没有地方储存，直到发现卫生间还算宽敞，糖理所当然被堆在那里。每当他们往客人咖啡里加糖时，不仅客人总觉得古怪，而且连卫生间也变得粘粘糊糊的。
主动甩卖是一种商业诡计，使穷人变得更穷。如果那些贪婪的傻子上当受骗，那也是活该。无论如何，如果甩卖被依法禁止的话，我们的生活标准会顺势上涨7.39个百分点。
Unit8 Genius sacrificed for failure
During my youth in America's Appalachian mountains, I learned that farmers preferred sons over daughters, largely About 150 years ago, a village church vicar in Yorkshire, England, had three lovely, intelligent daughters but his hopes hinged entirely on the sole male heir, Branwell, a youth with remarkable talent in both art and literature. Hopes still high, the family landed Branwell a job as a private tutor, hoping this would free him to develop his literature skills and achieve the success and fame that he deserved. Failure again. During Branwell's last years, the girls published a book of poetry at their own expense (under a pseudonym, for fear of reviewers' bias against females). Even Branwell might have snickered: they sold only 2 copies. Jane Eyre.
But years of sacrifice for Branwell had taken their toll. Emily took ill at her brother's funeral and died within 3 months, aged 29; Anne died 5 months later, aged 30; Charlotte lived only to age 39. If only they had been nurtured instead of sacrificed.
No one remembers Branwell's name, much less his art or literature, but the Bronte sisters' tragically short lives teach us 在当今的美国仅有3% 的人口从事农业，脑力劳动取代了体力劳动。然而，人们的成见已根深蒂固，就象恶习，一旦沾上就难以改掉。但历史教训时刻警示着世人们不要随意否定那些所谓的性别上的弱者的能力，否则将会付出悲剧性的代价。
大约在150年以前，在英国的约克郡有个乡村牧师，他有三个聪明伶俐的女儿，然而他却把毕生的希望全都寄托在
myyouth《八》
初中英语综合时态练习(三)
初中英语综合时态练习（三）
B.1 .My sister _____ the Youth League last year. She _____ a Youth League member for about a year now.
A. joined…has become B. joined…has been C. has joined…has been D. did join…had been
C.2. Neither of us ______ a doctor.
A. were B. am C. is D. are
C.3. Mr Zhao doesn’t like swimming, _____?
A. didn’t he B. did he C. does he D. won’t he
C.4. I’ll talk to him when he ______.
A. come B. will come C. comes D. came
C.5. They _____ supper when we _____ into the room.
A. are having…went B. were having…go C. were having…went D. are having…go
D.6. We’ll go climbing if it _____ tomorrow.
A. won’t rain B. did rain C. isn’t rain D. doesn’t rain
A.7. I don’t know if it _____ tomorrow.
A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rain
D.8. Nathan Hale ____ he ____ his life for his country.
A. said…give B. says…will give C. said…gives D. said…would give
C.9. Most people ____ TV.
A. enjoy to watch B. enjoy watch C. enjoy watching D. enjoys watching
A.10.Father ____ his cap and went out.
A. put on B. puts on C. had put D. will put on
B.11.How long _____ your uncle ____ in the army ?
A. has…joined B. has…been C. does…join D. had…joined
D.12.Peter _____ the work in a week.
A. have finished B. finishes C. is finishing D. will finish
A.13.The students _____ the History Museum if it _____ fine tomorrow.
A. will visit….is B. will visit…will be C. would visit …was D. would visit…would be
A.14.Joan ____ me whether I _____ the book before.
A. asked…had read B. asked…shall read C. asked…would read D. asked…has read
C.15.By the end of last term, we _____ Book Five.
A. have learned B. would learn C. had learned D. were learning
A.16._____ she _____ her lessons at seven yesterday evening ?{myyouth}.
A. Was…going over B. Is…go over C. Has…gone over D. Will…go over
C.17.He can’t go to the cinema with me because he ____ a meeting.
A. was having B. would have C. is having D. had
A.18.Both of the two dictionaries ____ very useful.
A. are B. is C. was D. am
C.19. He _____ to me since last month.
A. didn’t write B. hadn’t written C. hasn’t written D. won’t write{myyouth}.
D.20. Xu Ping ____ to Japan only once.
A. has gone B. had gone C. had been D. has been
B.21. Nobody ____ the answer.
A. have known B. knew C. didn’t know D. are knowing
B.22.______ you ever ____ to Nanjing ?
A. Have…gone B. Have…been C. Do…go D. Will …go
C.23. He ____ he ____ something wrong before.
A. says…was B. say….have done C. said…had done D. said…would do
D.24. He ____ me he ____ an interesting book.
A. tell…would borrow B. told …will borrow C. tell…will borrow D. told …had borrowed
B.25. Thomas Edison ____ already ____ a chemistry lab for himself by the time he ____ ten.
A. has…built…was B. had…built…was C. would…build…was D. was…building…is
A.26. At the age of eleven, my grandfather _____ to work in a factory.
A. began B. has begun C. will begin D. begins
D.27. One day while I ____ along the street, I ____ someone calling.
A. walked…was hearing B. was walking…has heard
C. was walking…had heard D. was walking…heard
C.28. Neither I nor he _____.
A. can swims well B. are swimming well C. swims well D. have swum well
D.29. ____ you ____ where your sister has gone ?
A. Did …know B. Will…know C. Are…know D. Do …know
C.30. Betty ____ morning exercises yesterday.
A. not did